Recent, non-conventional enzyme bioconversions of cellulosic fibers for the textile industry are reviewed. Cellulosic fibers are the largest market of the textile industry, and also represent the most successful market for enzyme based processes in the textile area. The new enzyme developments presented in this book chapter include the use of enzymes to recover strength in resin-crosslinked cellulose fabrics, to phosphorylate cellulose fabrics for improved antiflame retardancy, and to coat and functionalize cellulosic fabrics. Enymes utilized include cellulases, lipases, proteases, and laccases. © 2007 American Chemical Society.