Subsistence and commercial hunting is of greater importance than sport hunting to ungulate management in the Peruvian Amazon. Ungulates hunted include the red brocket deer Mazama americana, grey brocket deer M. gouazoubira, collared peccary Tayassu tajacu, white-lipped peccary T. pecari, and lowland tapir Tapirus terrestris. Analysis of the ungulate pelt trade indicated that the management programmes put forth by the Ministry of Agriculture in Peru have successfully regulated ungulate harvest by controlling professional pelt and commercial meat hunters. Information collected on a local community of hunters revealed that lumbermen were harvesting significantly more ungulates than subsistence hunters. The lumber operations supply workers with shotguns and cartridges instead of basic foods to decrease operational costs by using game meat. Lumbermen should therefore be considered as commercial hunters and management programmes instated on them. Illegal meat hunters occasionally visited the study area and were quite destructive to game species when present. © 1988.