Introduction: There is evidence regarding the inverse relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the development of chronic conditions such as coronary heart disease, metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Objective: To determine the factors associated with adherence to the Mediterranean diet in patients attended in a Peruvian medical center. Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study in 209 patients attended at a medical center in Lima, Peru. The PREDIMED questionnaire was used to measure adherence to Mediterranean diet. Correlation between the Mediterranean diet adherence score and the covariates, age, sex, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, fasting hyperglycemia and nutritional diagnosis was investigated. General linear models were used Results: Of 209 participants, the majority were male (79.9 %) and the median age was 31 years. The 20.2 % had obesity, those who presented alterations in triglycerides were 29.1 %, cholesterol (21.7 %) and fasting glycemia (26.8 %). As for the PREDIMED score, the mean was 4.6 points. It was found that fasting hyperglycemia (Coef. =-2.08) had a negative association with the Mediterranean diet adherence score. Conclusion: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet pattern is low, and is negatively correlated with hyperglycemia findings in the participants evaluated.