Technology transfer is the process by which science and technology developed in universities are transferred to companies for technical, scientific, and economic development. Success in this process is affected by several factors; hence it is important to identify them and note how they influence the different dimensions of the success of the technology transfer process. The critical success factors are analysed: adaptation to change, government policies, selection criterion of the project portfolio, work environment, product satisfaction, entropy, stress, and ethics; and, how these affect successes in its three dimensions scientific, social, and financial. A study was carried out based on confirmatory factor analysis and structural equations model on 84 universities in four countries of the Andean region that confirm to 85% confidence that the proposed factors influence all the success dimensions of the technology transfer process.