Title
Gas sensing with films of nanocrystalline WO<inf>3</inf> and Pd made by advanced reactive gas deposition
Date Issued
28 March 2005
Access level
metadata only access
Resource Type
journal article
Author(s)
Hoel A.
Saukko S.
Heszler P.
Lantto V.
Granqvist C.G.
Uppsala University
Abstract
Films consisting of nanocrystalline WO3 and Pd, produced by advanced reactive gas deposition, were investigated for gas sensing applications. X-ray diffractometry and electron microscopy showed that as-deposited WO3 and Pd had tetragonal and cubic structures, respectively, both with an average grain size of ∼5 nm. The films had Pd/W atomic ratios of 0, 0.5 and 13% and were sintered at temperatures up to 873 K. Gas sensing properties of the films, manifested in relative conductivity changes, were studied for exposure to H2S and CHOH at operation temperatures up to 773 K. It was found that the addition of Pd decreased the recovery time of the sensor, furthermore increased the low-concentration sensitivity for H2S and that the devices exhibited extreme room-temperature sensitivities, of up to ∼5000 for 10 ppm for H 2S. An unambiguous response, with a sensitivity of ∼10, was observed for as little as 0.5 ppm of H2S. The sensors were also able to detect 45 ppm of CHOH. In addition it is shown that Pd doping widens the number of detectable gases. © 2004 Published by Elsevier B.V.
Start page
283
End page
289
Volume
105
Issue
2
Language
English
Scopus EID
2-s2.0-14744294720
Source
Sensors and Actuators, B: Chemical
ISSN of the container
09254005
Sponsor(s)
Funding text One of us (L.F.R.) thanks the International Science Programme of Uppsala University for a scholarship which made it possible to carry out PhD work at Uppsala University and the University of Oulu. The authors are grateful to Ola Wilhelmsson and Torvald Andersson at the Department of Materials Chemistry and the Microstructure Laboratory at Uppsala University, for their help with the XPS analysis. In addition, S.S. wants to acknowledge Tauno Tönning Foundation in Finland, for financial support.
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