Neglected diseases constitute a great health problem in today's world. However, these diseases are not of interest to the pharmaceutical industry as they generally affect populations of scarce economical resources. Here, we describe the work related to malaria and leishmaniasis that we have developed over the last ten years. Our experience in the field is focused on two families of chemical compounds: quinoxaline and arylamino alcohol derivatives. Current efforts are centered on researching new chemical entities as well as on overcoming drug resistance to antimalarial compounds. In addition, chemical entities reported by other authors and related quinoxaline derivatives are addressed. These two diseases are considered to be of great scientific and social interest, requiring new drugs so as to achieve improved treatments.