The availability of weather and flood forecasts does not ensure that early action will occur, especially at subnational levels where interventions may reduce risk. Further, the relationship between forecasts for a hydrometeorological hazard and the associated impact on people living in areas at risk has not been sufficiently characterized in many locations. Earth observations from satellites and remotely sensed data can aid in bridging the gap between availability of hydrometeorological forecasts and understanding risk. This chapter offers four case studies on the application of Earth observations for anticipatory action across a variety of hydrometeorological hazards. The chapter concludes with recommendations to promote future growth in EO applications for risk and resilience programming and improved anticipatory humanitarian action.