PURPOSE. To assess the clinical phenotype in a Swedish family with X- linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP) resulting from a novel splice defect in the RPGR gene. METHODS. RPGR mutation analysis was performed in one family with XLRP, and several individuals from the family were examined clinically. RESULTS. The causative mutation in the family was demonstrated to be a single base-pair change at the splice donor site in intron 7 that resulted in skipping of the complete exon 7 in the mature RPGR transcript. The aberrant mRNA is predicted to produce an RPGR protein with an in-frame deletion of 53 amino acids, corresponding to an RCC1-homology repeat. Clinical studies that included ophthalmological examination and full-field electroretinography showed that this splice mutation resulted in a comparatively less severe form of RP. CONCLUSIONS. Correlation of a causative RPGR genotype with clinical findings in hemizygotes and carrier heterozygotes is an important step toward predictive diagnosis and should assist in the development of gene-based therapies in the future.